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1.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1443404

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: apresentar resultados do eixo 2 do projeto Diagnóstico da Violência Fatal e Não Fatal no Estado de Alagoas (DVEAL). Neste artigo é comparado o padrão epidemiológico do estupro de crianças e adolescentes em relação aos adultos. Métodos: delineou-se uma investigação observacional e retrospectiva incluindo 380 registros de violência sexual no Instituto Médico Legal, entre 2016 e 2018. Por meio de regressão logística binária e múltipla calculou-se a chance de violência por faixa etária, associando os possíveis fatores relacionados. Resultados: metade das vítimas estupradas possuíam até 13 anos de idade, com média de 14 anos, e 9 em cada 10 casos eram de mulheres/meninas vitimadas. O padrão do estupro identificado foi de vítimas: em situação conjugal solteira; estudantes, abusadas por conhecidos; que realizaram exame pericial entre 1-7 dias; abusadas durante a madrugada; e em região genital. Cerca de 8 em cada 10 casos foram estupros confirmados pela perícia, o restante foi via relato oral. O modelo final identificou dois fatores mais associados à violência sexual em crianças/adolescentes. Conclusão: o padrão de vitimização sexual no estado impacta significativamente crianças e adolescentes e, principalmente, o gênero feminino


Aims: to present the results of axis 2 of the Diagnosis of Fatal and Non-Fatal Violence in the State of Alagoas (DVEAL) project. This article compares the epidemiological pattern of rape involving children/adolescents in relation to adults. Methods: an observational and retrospective investigation was designed, including 380 records of sexual violence at the Instituto Médico Legal, between 2016 and 2018. Through binary and multiple logistic regression, the chance of violence by age group was calculated, associating the possible related factors. Results: half of the raped victims were up to 13 years old, with an average of 14 years old, and 9 out of 10 cases were victimized women/girls. The pattern of rape identified was of victims: single marital status; students, abused by acquaintances; who underwent an expert examination between 1-7 days; abused during the dawn; and in the genital region. About 8 out of 10 cases were rapes confirmed by forensics, the rest were via oral report. The final model identified two factors most associated with sexual violence in children/adolescents. Conclusions: the pattern of sexual victimization in the state significantly impacts children and adolescents, especially the female gender


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Rape/statistics & numerical data , Child Abuse, Sexual/statistics & numerical data , Violence Against Women , Brazil , Logistic Models , Sex Factors , Retrospective Studies , Age Factors , Sociodemographic Factors
2.
REME rev. min. enferm ; 26: e1472, abr.2022. tab, graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1422469

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar a prevalência de violência sexual entre escolares adolescentes de 13 a 17 anos no Brasil. Métodos: estudo transversal com dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar de 2019. Foram analisadas as prevalências de abuso sexual e estupro e seus respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%) envolvendo escolares de 13 a 17 anos no Brasil, de acordo com sexo, faixa etária, tipo de instituição, agressor, região admisnistrativa de residência e unidades federadas. Resultados: a prevalência de abuso sexual entre escolares foi de 14,6% (IC95%:14,2;15,1) e de estupro foi de 6,3% (IC95%:6,0;6,6). Maiores prevalências ocorreram entre adolescentes do sexo feminino e da faixa etária de 16 e 17 anos. O agressor mais comum para ambos indicadores foi namorado(a), ex-namorado(a), ficante ou crush. Entre os escolares que sofreram estupro, mais da metade relatou ter sofrido essa violência antes dos 13 anos de idade (53,2%; IC95%: 51,0;55,4). Conclusão: a violência sexual tem elevada prevalência entre os escolares de 13 a 17 anos no Brasil, além de as agressões serem perpetradas, em sua maior parte, por pessoas do núcleo familiar e das relações íntimas e de afeto. É necessário que haja articulação intersetorial para desenvolver políticas públicas que atuem no enfrentamento ao problema.


RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar la prevalencia de la violencia sexual entre los estudiantes adolescentes de 13 a 17 años en Brasil. Métodos: estudio transversal con datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud Escolar 2019. Se analizó la prevalencia de abuso sexual y violación y sus respectivos intervalos de confianza del 95% (IC95%) que involucran a estudiantes de 13 a 17 años en Brasil, según sexo, grupo de edad, tipo de institución, agresor, región administrativa de residencia y unidades federadas. Resultados: la prevalencia de los abusos sexuales entre los estudiantes fue del 14,6% (IC95%:14,2;15,1) y de la violación fue del 6,3% (IC95%:6,0;6,6). La mayor prevalencia se dio entre las adolescentes mujeres y en el grupo de edad de 16 y 17 años. El agresor más común para ambos indicadores fue el novio/novia, ex novio, amante o enamorado. Entre los estudiantes que sufrieron una violación, más de la mitad declaró haber sufrido esta violencia antes de los 13 años (53,2%; IC95%: 51,0;55,4). Conclusión: la violencia sexual tiene una alta prevalencia entre los escolares de 13 a 17 años en Brasil, además de que las agresiones son perpetradas principalmente por personas del núcleo familiar y de las relaciones íntimas y afectivas. Es necesario que haya una articulación intersectorial para desarrollar políticas públicas que actúen para enfrentar el problema.


ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the prevalence of sexual violence among schoolchildren aged from 13 to 17 years old in Brazil. Methods: a cross-sectional study conducted with data from the 2019 National School Health Survey. The prevalence values for sexual abuse and rape and their respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) involving students aged from 13 to 17 years old in Brazil were analyzed according to gender, age group, type of institution, aggressor, administrative region of residence and federated units. Results: the prevalence of sexual abuse among schoolchildren was 14.6% (95% CI: 14.2; 15.1) and the one for rape was 6.3% (95% CI: 6.0; 6.6). Higher prevalence values were found among female adolescents an in the age group of 16 and 17 years old. The most common aggressor for both indicators was boyfriend/girlfriend, ex-boyfriend, date or crush. Among the schoolchildren who were victims of rape, more than half reported having suffered this type of violence before 13 years of age (53.2%; 95% CI: 51.0; 55.4). Conclusion: sexual violence has high prevalence among schoolchildren aged from 13 to 17 years old in Brazil, in addition to the aggressions being mostly perpetrated by people from the family nucleus and by individuals with intimate and affection ties. Intersectoral articulation is necessary to develop public policies that act on coping with the problem.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Rape/statistics & numerical data , Sex Offenses/statistics & numerical data , Brazil , Prevalence , Adolescent Health , Socioeconomic Factors , Students , Health Surveys , Aggression
3.
Femina ; 50(8): 498-504, 2022. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1397880

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: O atendimento médico de urgência (AMU) é fundamental na prevenção e na redução de agravos da violência sexual (VS), como o uso de anticoncepção de emergência (AE). O objetivo deste estudo é analisar 20 anos de AMU após VS entre gestantes decorrente de estupro. Métodos: Estudo transversal com 2.816 mulheres entre 1999 e 2018. Considerou-se buscar ou não o AMU após a VS e dados sociodemográficos. Analisou-se por dispersão de dados e curva exponencial de tendência. Resultados: O AMU ocorreu em 188 casos (6,7%). Neste grupo, não se prescreveu AE em 31 (16,5%) mulheres. Não houve diferença significativa nos dados sociodemográficos. Os extremos de variação dos percentuais para quem buscou AMU foram de 16,1%, em 1999, e de 2%, em 2010, com queda da linha de tendência exponencial (R2 = 0,4667). Conclusão: Não houve associação com características sociodemográficas e a queda expressiva dos percentuais de gestações sugere, indiretamente, melhora da eficácia dos serviços de saúde em prover a AE.(AU)


Objective: Emergency medical care (EMC) is essential in the prevention and reduction of sexual assault (SA), including the use of emergency contraception (EC). The aim of this study is to analyze 20 years of EMC after SA in pregnant women due to rape. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 2,816 women between 1999 and 2018. It was considered to seek or not EMC after SA and sociodemographic data. Statistical analysis was performed by data dispersion and exponential trend curve. Results: EMC occurred in 188 cases (6.7%). In this group, EC was not prescribed in 31 (16.5%). There was no significant difference in sociodemographic data. The extremes of percentage variation for those seeking EMC were 16.1% in 1999, and 2% in 2010, with a drop in the exponential trend line (R2 = 0.4667). Conclusion: There was no association with sociodemographic characteristics and the significant drop in the percentage of pregnancies indirectly suggests an improvement in the effectiveness of health services in providing EC.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Rape/statistics & numerical data , Battered Women/statistics & numerical data , Pregnant Women , Emergency Medical Services/methods , Violence Against Women , Pregnancy, Unwanted , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Abortion, Legal , Contraception, Postcoital/methods
4.
Cad. Saúde Pública (Online) ; 35(2): e00022118, 2019. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-989509

ABSTRACT

Com base na análise dos dados de corte transversal provenientes do Segundo Levantamento Nacional de Álcool e Drogas realizado em 2012, utilizando-se uma amostra probabilística estratificada por conglomerado representativa da população brasileira, este estudo apresenta as prevalências de estupro e analisa a relação deste evento com o consumo de álcool. Foram considerados 1.918 homens e 2.365 mulheres, totalizando uma amostra de 4.283 indivíduos. Nossos resultados estimam a prevalência de estupro na vida em 2,6% da população geral, sendo 1,7% entre os homens e 3,5% entre as mulheres. Para ambos os sexos, as maiores prevalências se concentraram entre indivíduos com idades entre 26 e 59 anos (3,3%), com baixa escolaridade (3,8%), solteiros, divorciados ou viúvos (3,1%). Entre os indivíduos com diagnóstico para transtorno por uso de álcool de acordo com o DSM-5 (Manual Diagnóstico e Estatístico de Transtornos Mentais), 6% relataram ser vítimas de estupro, bem como, 3,3% daqueles que disseram beber pesado episódico (binge). Análises de regressão logística e multifatorial indicaram que tanto para mulheres quanto para homens a idade (aqueles entre 26 e 59 anos), o estado civil (solteiro), o diagnóstico de transtorno por uso de álcool e o beber pesado episódico são fatores associados ao aumento da probabilidade de vitimização por estupro, enquanto maior nível de educação (mais do que 9 anos de estudos) revelou-se um fator capaz de diminuir as chances de ocorrência. A identificação da amplitude desse problema de saúde pública, bem como a avaliação da urgência na implantação de medidas preventivas e assistenciais, partem do conhecimento das prevalências e do perfil sociodemográfico das vítimas.


En base a un análisis de datos de corte transversal, procedente del Segundo Estudio Nacional sobre Alcohol y Drogas, realizado en 2012, utilizando un muestreo probabilístico estratificado por conglomerados -representativo de la población brasileña-, este estudio presenta las prevalencias de violación y analiza su relación con el consumo de alcohol. Se consideraron a 1.918 hombres y 2.365 mujeres, totalizando una muestra de 4.283 individuos. Nuestros resultados estiman la prevalencia de violación durante la vida en un 2,6% de la población general, siendo 1,7% en el caso de los hombres y 3,5% en las mujeres. Para ambos sexos, las mayores prevalencias se concentraron entre individuos con edades entre 26 y 59 años (3,3%), con baja escolaridad (3,8%), solteros, divorciados o viudos (3,1%). Entre los individuos diagnosticados con trastorno, debido al consumo de alcohol, de acuerdo con el DSM- 5 (Manual Diagnśotico y Estadístico de los Trastornos Mentales), un 6% informaron ser víctimas de violación, asimismo, un 3,3% de ellos dijeron beber en grandes cantidades episódicamente (binge). Los análisis de regresión logística y multifactorial indicaron que tanto para mujeres, como para hombres, la edad (quienes tenían entre 26 y 59 años), estado civil (soltero), diagnóstico de trastorno por consumo de alcohol, y beber en grandes cantidades episódicamente, son factores asociados al aumento de la probabilidad de victimización por violación, sin embargo, cuanto mayor era el nivel de educación (más de 9 años de estudios), mayor era la capacidad de disminuir las oportunidades de ocurrencia. La identificación de la dimensión de este problema de salud pública, así como la evaluación de la urgencia en la implantación de medidas preventivas y asistenciales, parten del conocimiento de las prevalencias y del perfil sociodemográfico de las víctimas.


This study presents the rape prevalence and its relationship with alcohol consumption based on the analysis of cross-sectional data from the 2012 Second National Alcohol and Drugs Survey, which used a cluster-stratified probabilistic sample of the Brazilian population. We included 1,918 men and 2,365 women, for a total sample of 4,283 individuals. Our results estimate the over-lifetime rape prevalence at 2.6% for the entire population, 1.7% for men and 3.5% for women. For both sexes, the highest prevalences were concentrated among those aged between 26 and 59 years (3.3%), those with low educational levels (3.8%), and those who were single, divorced or widowed (3.1%). Among individuals who were diagnosed with alcohol use disorder, according to the DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders), 6% reported having been raped, as did 3.3% of those who reported binge drinking. Logistical and multivariate regression analyses showed that, for both women and men, age (those between 26 and 59 years), marital status (single), alcohol use disorder and binge drinking are factors associated with an increased probability of being raped, whereas a higher educational level (more than 9 years of schooling) was shown to be capable of reducing the odds of being raped. Awareness of prevalences and of victims' sociodemographic profiles is necessary in order to identify the scope of this public health problem as well as to evaluate the urgency of implementing preventative and supportive measures.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Rape/statistics & numerical data , Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology , Alcoholism/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Sex Factors , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Health Surveys , Age Factors , Marital Status , Educational Status
5.
ABCS health sci ; 43(1): 41-46, maio 18, 2018. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-884000

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: O abuso sexual deixa sequelas graves, como limitações sociais. Objetivo: Descrever o perfil das vítimas de violência sexual atendidas em um serviço especializado, na cidade de Mauá, São Paulo, entre 2008 a 2009. MÉTODOS: Analisou-se 138 mulheres, assistidas em um Hospital Universitário. Estudo retrospectivo com levantamento de prontuários para coleta de dados. As variáveis estudadas foram: idade, etnia, relacionamento conjugal e sexual, hora da violência, número de agressores, busca por auxílio médico, uso de medicações e exames protocolares, comunicação por parte da vítima às autoridades competentes, uso de arma pelo agressor e número de gestações decorrentes. RESULTADOS: A média de idade foi de 22 anos. A maioria não possuía relação estável, tinha atividade sexual previamente à violência, etnia branca, procurou auxílio médico em até 72 horas após o ocorrido usou medicações protocolares. No período noturno ocorreram mais crimes e a violência nesse momento teve maior probabilidade de ser praticada por mais de um agressor. Apenas 26,7% pacientes reconheceram os agressores e somente 42,9% e 21,8% das mulheres fizeram boletim de ocorrência e exame de corpo de delito, respectivamente. Em 40,8% foi utilizado algum tipo de arma na abordagem ou durante o crime. Por fim, nenhuma das pacientes que fez contracepção de emergência engravidou. Somente quatro engravidaram em decorrência da agressão. CONCLUSÃO: A caracterização das pessoas que sofrem violência sexual é de extrema importância para a criação de estratégias de atendimento para a profilaxia de doenças sexualmente transmissíveis e seguimento ambulatorial até finalizar o tratamento, além de acompanhamento psicológico.


INTRODUCTION: Sexual abuse leaves severe sequels, such as social limitations. OBJECTIVE: To investigate aspects of sexual violence and the victims treated at a specialized service in the city of Mauá, São Paulo, between 2008 to 2009. METHODS: We analyzed 138 women, assisted at a University Hospital. Study is retrospective with survey of medical records for data collection. We studied: age, ethnicity, marital and sexual relationship, time of violence, number of aggressors, search for medical assistance, use of medications and protocol examinations, communication to the competent authorities, use of the weapon by the aggressor and number of resulting pregnancies. RESULTS: The mean age was 22 years. Most had no stable relationship, had sexual activity before the violence, were of white ethnicity, sought medical help within 72 hours after the event and used protocol medications. At night there were more crimes and violence at that time was more likely to be committed by more than one perpetrator. Only 26.7% of the patients acknowledged the perpetrators and only 42.9% and 21.8% of the women did report bullying and examination of the body of crime, respectively. In 40.8% some kind of weapon was used in the approach or during the crime. Finally, none of the patients who did emergency contraception became pregnant. CONCLUSION: The characterization of people who suffer sexual violence is of extreme importance for the creation of strategies for the care of prophylaxis of sexually transmitted diseases and outpatient follow-up until the end of treatment, as well as psychological counseling.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Rape/statistics & numerical data , Sex Offenses/statistics & numerical data , Violence Against Women , Women's Rights/trends , Women's Rights , Women's Health Services/trends , Women's Health Services , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Hospitals, University
6.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 23(5): 1687-1696, Mai. 2018. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-890577

ABSTRACT

Resumo Estudo da violência sexual contra a mulher em Santa Catarina, notificada no Sistema de Informações de Agravos de Notificação entre 2008 e 2013. O objetivo foi estimar a ocorrência de gravidez e infecção sexualmente transmissível (IST) decorrente da violência sexual e testar associação entre gravidez, IST e o atendimento nos serviços de saúde. Para a gravidez foram analisadas 1.230 notificações e para IST 1.316 notificações. As variáveis foram idade, escolaridade, tempo de atendimento, profilaxias para IST, contracepção de emergência, número de agressores e violência de repetição. As variáveis foram analisadas por meio de proporções e intervalos de confiança de 95%. As associações foram testadas por regressão logística não ajustada e ajustada com os valores expressos em razão de chance. A ocorrência de gravidez foi de 7,6%. Ser atendida em 72 horas e receber a contracepção de emergência foram fatores de proteção. A ocorrência de IST foi de 3,5%. Ser atendida em 72 horas e receber profilaxias não resultou em menor proporção de IST, são necessários estudos que aprofundem esta questão.


Abstract This is a study on sexual violence against women in the Brazilian State of Santa Catarina notified to the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) in the period 20082013. It aimed to estimate pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) resulting from sexual violence and to test the association between pregnancy, STIs and care provided in health services. In total, 1,230 pregnancy notifications and 1.316 STI notifications were analyzed. Variables were age, schooling, time to receive care, STI prophylaxis, emergency contraception, number of perpetrators and recurrent violence, which were analyzed using proportions and 95% confidence intervals. Associations were tested by adjusted and non-adjusted logistic regression with values expressed in odds ratio. The occurrence of pregnancy was 7.6%. Receiving care within 72 hours and emergency contraception were protective factors. The occurrence of STIs was 3.5%. Care within 72 hours and prophylaxis did not result in lower proportions of STIs. Further studies are required regarding this issue.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Rape/statistics & numerical data , Sex Offenses/statistics & numerical data , Sexually Transmitted Diseases/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Logistic Models , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , Age Factors , Contraception, Postcoital/statistics & numerical data , Time-to-Treatment , Middle Aged
7.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 23(5): 1591-1599, Mai. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-890585

ABSTRACT

Resumo Este estudo objetivou identificar a incidência da violência sexual em crianças e adolescentes em Recife/Pernambuco, no período 2012-2013. Os dados foram obtidos a partir dos registros de exames sexológicos, realizados no ĩnstituto de Medicina Legal do Recife. Identificaram-se 867 registros no período e foi de 328 o total de crianças e adolescentes vitimadas, com incidência de 3,67/10.000 habitantes, na faixa etária de 0 a 18 anos. A maioria das vítimas era do sexo feminino (92,1%), e estava na faixa etária de 10 a 14 anos (59,2%). A violência sexual do tipo conjunção carnal predominou em 2/3 dos casos, sendo uma pessoa conhecida da vítima o agressor mais frequente (57,8%). Foram significantes (p < 0,001) as associações entre o tipo de violência e as variáveis idade e sexo da vítima, e agressor. Os resultados do presente estudo evidenciaram que ainda há notificação deste tipo de violência, que ainda são indicativos de violência sexual tipo conjunção carnal, e que vitimou com maior frequência os adolescentes, além de atos libidinosos diversos com crianças. A elevada frequência de violência sexual contra crianças e adolescentes evidenciada neste estudo amplia a visibilidade desse grave problema de saúde e é indicativa da necessidade de políticas públicas preventivas.


Abstract The scope of this study was to establish the incidence of sexual violence against children and adolescents in Recife, State of Pernambuco (Brazil) between 2012 and 2013. Data was collected from the records of rape examination reports carried out at the Recife Institute of Forensic Medicine. Of the 867 cases recorded, 328 of the victims were children and adolescents. An incidence of 3.67 cases per 10,000 inhabitants in the 0 to 18 age range was identified. The majority of the victims were female (92.1%) between 10 and 14 years of age (59.2%). In two thirds of the cases, rape was the most frequent type of sexual abuse and the majority of perpetrators were known to the victim (57.8%). An association between the type of sexual violence and the age and sex of the victim and perpetrator (p < 0.001) was determined. The most common type of sexual violence was rape among adolescents and sexual abuse not involving rape among children. The cases of sexual violence against children and adolescents shown in this study increase the visibility of this serious health problem and the need for preventive public policies.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Public Policy , Rape/statistics & numerical data , Child Abuse, Sexual/statistics & numerical data , Crime Victims/statistics & numerical data , Brazil/epidemiology , Incidence , Retrospective Studies , Sex Distribution , Age Distribution , Criminals/statistics & numerical data , Forensic Medicine
8.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-979029

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE Analyze the prevalence of intrafamilial and extrafamilial sexual assault in adolescents of Peru and its association with alcohol consumption. METHODS We used a two-step and stratified probabilistic sampling to select male and female students in secondary education from all over Peru. The study included data from 54,756 students with information on demographics, alcohol and drug use, and sexual assault. The statistical analysis considered the complex sampling and we conducted two independent analyses by type of sexual assault (intrafamilial and extrafamilial), stratified by the sex of the victim. RESULTS The prevalence of life of intrafamilial sexual assaults (5.4%, 95%CI 5.0-5.8) was similar to that of extrafamilial sexual assaults (6.1%, 95%CI 5.6-6.6). Alcohol consumption in the past year was associated with intrafamilial and extrafamilial sexual assaults that occurred in the same period after adjusting for confounders. Alcohol consumption in the past year was associated with non-physical and physical forms of intrafamilial and extrafamilial sexual assaults in the disaggregated analysis by type of assault. Alcohol consumption in the past year was associated with extrafamilial rape only among females (ORa = 2.8; 95%CI 1.3-5.9). CONCLUSIONS Sexual assault against adolescent males and females by family members is a frequent form of victimization that is associated with alcohol consumption in Peru. It is important to examine this form of victimization among adolescents, especially those who consume alcohol.


RESUMEN OBJETIVO Analizar la prevalencia de las agresiones sexuales intrafamiliares y extrafamiliares en adolescentes del Perú y su asociación con el consumo de alcohol. MÉTODOS Se utilizó un muestreo probabilístico bietápico y estratificado para seleccionar estudiantes varones y mujeres de educación secundaria de todo el Perú. Los datos de 54,756 estudiantes que incluían información demográfica, sobre consumo de alcohol y drogas, y agresión sexual fueron incluidos en el estudio. En el análisis estadístico se consideró el muestreo complejo y se condujeron dos análisis independientes por el tipo de agresión sexual (intrafamiliar y extrafamiliar), estratificado por el sexo de la víctima. RESULTADOS La prevalencia de vida de las agresiones sexuales intrafamiliares (5.4%, IC95% 5.0-5.8) fue similar al de las agresiones extrafamiliares (6.1%, IC95% 5.6-6.6). El consumo de alcohol en el último año se asoció con las agresiones sexuales intrafamiliares y extrafamiliares que ocurrieron en el mismo periodo después de ajustar por los factores de confusión. El consumo de alcohol en el último año se asoció a las formas no físicas y físicas de agresión sexuales intrafamiliares y extrafamiliares en el análisis desagregado por tipo de agresión. El consumo de alcohol en el último año se asoció con las violaciones sexuales extrafamiliares sólo entre las mujeres (ORa = 2.8; IC95% 1.3-5.9). CONCLUSIONES La agresión sexual de adolescentes mujeres y varones por miembros familiares es una forma frecuente de victimización que se asocia al consumo de alcohol en el Perú. Es importante indagar por esta forma de victimización en adolescentes, especialmente los que consumen alcohol.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Sex Offenses/statistics & numerical data , Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology , Crime Victims/statistics & numerical data , Peru/epidemiology , Rape/statistics & numerical data , Socioeconomic Factors , Students , Child Abuse, Sexual/statistics & numerical data , Prevalence , Sex Distribution , Community Health Workers , Crime Victims/psychology , Vulnerable Populations , Family Relations , Incest
9.
Rev. Col. Méd. Cir. Guatem ; 156(2): 71-74, nov. 2017. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-995447

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Determinar los conocimientos y actitudes sobre violencia sexual que poseen los adolescentes de Centros Educativos Públicos en el departamento de Chimaltenango en febrero y marzo 2017. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal realizado en una muestra aleatoria de 386 sujetos, mediante un cuestionario auto aplicable posterior a consentimiento y asentimiento informado. Resultados: De los sujetos de estudio, 214 (55%) correspondían al sexo femenino, en promedio tenían 12.6 años de edad, 184 (48%) profesaban religión evangélica, 349 (90%) provenían de familias integradas, 292 (76%) pertenecían a la etnia Kaqchiquel. Conocimientos: 132 (34%) refirieron que la violencia sexual se define únicamente como el contacto físico de las partes íntima de otra persona, 116 (30%) identificaron al machismo y el consumo de drogas como factores de riesgo para violencia sexual, 83 (22%) consideraron adecuado el embarazo en menores de edad, 191 (50%) indicaron que en la mayoría de los casos los agresores son personas desconocidas de la víctima; 145 (38%) y 49 (13%) identificaron la calle y el hogar, respectivamente, como los principales lugares en los que se da este fenómeno. Actitudes: 304 (79%) no denunciarían si un compañero/a estuviera sufriendo violencia sexual, 218 (56%) están en desacuerdo con que los padres hablen sobre sexualidad con sus hijos, 202 (52%) no consideran importante que se imparta educación sexual en los centros educativos. Conclusiones: dos terceras partes desconocen conceptos básicos sobre el tema. Se evidencia una marcada indiferencia ante la necesidad de aprender del mismo y apoyar la denuncia de casos de compañeros que sufran algún tipo de violencia sexual.


Objective: To identify the knowledge and attitudes regarding sexual violence of adolescents in public schools of Chimaltenango, between February and March of 2017. Material and Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study conducted in a random sample of 386 subjects, based in a self-applicable questionnaire after student assent and parental consent (from parents or legal guardians). Results: 214 of 386 were female; with an average age of 12.6 years; 184 (48%) profess evangelical religion; 349 (90%) belonged to an integrated household; 292 (76%) belonged to the Kaqchiquel ethnic group. Knowledge: 132 (34%) reported that sexual violence is defined only as physical contact in intimate parts; 116 (30%) identified male chauvinist and drug abuse as risk factors for sexual violence; 83 (22%) considered pregnancy in underage teenagers as adequate; 191 (50%) indicated that in most cases the aggressors are unknown by the victims; students identify the street with 145 (38%) and the house with 49 (13%) as the main places where sexual violence occurs. Attitudes: 304 (79%) of the students would not report if a schoolmate is suffering from sexual violence, 218 (56%) disagree that parents should talk about sexuality with their children, 202 (52%) don't consider important to provide sex education in schools. Conclusions: Two thirds of the students are not aware of basic concepts regarding sexual violence, there is a considerable indifference to the need of learning of this topic and do not support the reporting of cases of classmates who suffer any type of sexual violence.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Rape/prevention & control , Sex Education/trends , Sex Offenses/prevention & control , Gender-Based Violence/trends , Public Opinion , Rape/statistics & numerical data , Epidemiology, Descriptive
10.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 22(9): 2909-2918, Set. 2017. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-890447

ABSTRACT

Resumo A violência sexual contra crianças e adolescentes representa uma grave ameaça aos direitos e à saúde integral desse grupo etário. O objetivo do presente estudo foi descrever as características de mães com até 13 anos, analisar o perfil dos casos de estupro notificado nessa mesma faixa etária e as repercussões dessa violência durante a gravidez e parto. Trata-se de estudo comparativo das características da gestação e parto de meninas de até 13 anos que tiveram filhos, sem e com notificação de estupro no Sistema de Vigilância de Violências e Acidentes do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (VIVA/SINAN). O percentual de meninas até 13 anos que tiveram filhos foi maior em negras (67,5%). A violência de repetição ocorreu em 58,2%. As vítimas de estupro notificadas tiveram maiores percentuais de cesárea, início tardio e menor número de consultas de pré-natal; e seus bebês tiveram peso ao nascer e Apagar do 1º minuto piores que das mães, sem notificação de estupro. O estupro de criança e adolescente é um fator de risco importante que repercute na gestação, em complicações no parto e no nascimento.


Abstract Sexual violence against children and adolescents is a serious threat to the rights and full health of this age group. This study aims to describe the characteristics of mothers aged up to 13, and analyze the profile of cases of notified rape in this age range and repercussions of this violence during pregnancy and childbirth. It is a comparative study of the characteristics of gestation and childbirth of girls aged up to 13 who have had children, without or with notification of rape, in the Violence & Accidents Vigilance (VIVA) System of the Brazilian Case Registry Database (Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação - SINAN). A significant percentage (67.5%) of the girls aged up to 13 with children were of the black race/color category. There was repeated violence in 58.2% of cases. The notified rape victims have a higher percentage of birth by cesarean section, late onset and a lower number of prenatal consultations; and their babies had lower birthweight and lower 1-minute Apgar scores than mothers without rape notification. Rape of children and adolescents is an important risk factor that has repercussions during pregnancy, and complications in delivery and childbirth.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Child , Adolescent , Pregnancy in Adolescence/statistics & numerical data , Rape/statistics & numerical data , Child Abuse, Sexual/statistics & numerical data , Pregnancy Outcome , Pregnancy Complications/epidemiology , Prenatal Care/statistics & numerical data , Violence/statistics & numerical data , Brazil/epidemiology , Infant, Low Birth Weight , Cesarean Section/statistics & numerical data , Delivery, Obstetric/statistics & numerical data
11.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 144(9): 1134-1143, set. 2016. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-830622

ABSTRACT

Background: Emergency contraception refers to contraceptive methods that can be used after a sexual intercourse Aim: To analyze the evolution of emergency contraception (EC) consultations on the Chilean public health system, at a communal level, in relation to the legal changes that recently took place, aimed to ease the delivery of the benefit. To analyze its association with socioeconomic, demographic and municipal healthcare system characteristics. Material and Methods: We analyzed data bases of the Ministry of Health to study EC consultation rates on Chilean communes, including consultations on emergency departments and by rape, from 2008 to 2013. We evaluated the association with communal characteristics, obtained from the National Municipal Information System. Results: Both the communal consultation rates and percentage of communes with consultations increased progressively during the period, with an explosive increase between 2009 and 2010. We observed a high dispersion in EC consultations both at a communal and regional level. There was an inverse significant association of the number of consultations with the communal poverty rate. Conclusions: Our results reveal the impact of legal modifications implemented in Chile since 2009 on the communal EC consultation rates. On other hand, our results reveal that although these modifications were oriented to favor the delivery of this benefit, a high dispersion subsists, associated with population’s socioeconomic factors, mainly, the communal poverty level.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Referral and Consultation/statistics & numerical data , Delivery of Health Care/statistics & numerical data , Contraception, Postcoital/statistics & numerical data , Poverty/statistics & numerical data , Rape/statistics & numerical data , Referral and Consultation/trends , Socioeconomic Factors , Chile , Retrospective Studies , Longitudinal Studies , Delivery of Health Care/legislation & jurisprudence , Contraception, Postcoital/trends
12.
Cad. Saúde Pública (Online) ; 32(7): e00126315, 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-952288

ABSTRACT

Abstract: The lack of official data on rape has been a challenge for researchers in Brazil. Two recently published studies were based on law enforcement and medical records. Although these studies represent important progress in research on rape in the country, they have several limitations. In order to obtain more realistic rates, the current article reviews Brazilian studies on self-reported sexual aggression and victimization in individuals over 14 years of age. Forty-one studies were identified through electronic searches and reference verification. From 1% to 40% of women and 1% to 35% of men reported some form of victimization in the previous year. The male perpetration incidence ranged from 2% to 44%. Despite the wide variability, these rates were much higher than those provided by official data. The results suggest that sexual orientation is associated with vulnerability. Mixed findings were found concerning race. Most studies were based on convenience samples and focused on female victimization. Male victimization has received increasing attention, but studies on self-reported perpetration are still limited.


Resumo: A falta de dados oficiais sobre estupro tem desafiado pesquisadores no Brasil. Dois estudos recentes utilizaram dados de boletins policiais e prontuários médicos. Embora esses estudos sejam avanços importantes na pesquisa sobre estupro no Brasil, apresentam algumas limitações. Para obter taxas mais realistas, este artigo faz uma revisão das pesquisas brasileiras sobre agressão e vitimização sexual em indivíduos com mais de 14 anos de idade. Foram identificados 41 estudos através de buscas eletrônicas e verificação de referências bibliográficas. Entre 1% e 40% de mulheres e 1% e 35% de homens relataram alguma forma de vitimização no ano anterior à entrevista. A incidência de homens perpetradores de agressão sexual variava de 2% a 44%. Apesar da grande variabilidade, essas taxas são muito mais altas do que aquelas estimadas a partir de dados oficiais. Os resultados sugerem uma associação entre orientação sexual e vulnerabilidade. Os resultados variaram em relação à raça. A maioria dos estudos era baseada em amostras de conveniência e focava a vitimização feminina. A vitimização masculina vem recebendo mais atenção, mas ainda há poucos estudos sobre a perpetração auto-relatada.


Resumen: La falta de datos oficiales sobre la violación ha desafiado a los investigadores en Brasil. Dos estudios recientes han utilizado los datos de los informes policiales y los registros médicos. Aunque estos estudios son importantes avances en la investigación sobre la violación en Brasil, tienen algunas limitaciones. Para obtener tasas más realistas, el artículo hace una revisión de las investigaciones brasileñas sobre la agresión y la victimización sexual en los individuos mayores de 14 años. Se identificaron 41 estudios mediante búsquedas electrónicas y verificación de referencias. Entre el 1% y el 40% de las mujeres y el 1% y el 35% de los hombres informaron alguna forma de victimización en el año anterior a la entrevista. La incidencia de los hombres autores de agresión sexual varió de 2% a 44%. A pesar de la gran variabilidad, las tasas son mucho más altas que las estimadas a partir de datos oficiales. Los resultados sugieren una asociación entre la orientación sexual y la vulnerabilidad. Los resultados variaron según la raza. La mayoría de los estudios se basaron en muestras de conveniencia y se centró en la victimización femenina. La victimización masculina está recibiendo más atención, pero hay pocos estudios sobre la perpetración autoinformada.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Rape/statistics & numerical data , Crime Victims/statistics & numerical data , Risk-Taking , Sexual Behavior/classification , Sexual Behavior/statistics & numerical data , Brazil , Aggression , Self Report
13.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 60(1): 70-74, Jan-Feb/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-710325

ABSTRACT

Objective To analyze the demographic and epidemiological profile of children and adolescents victims of sexual violence treated in a Unit of Forensic Medicine and the relationship between victims and perpetrators. Methods A descriptive study, with data collection from information gathered from sex abuse reports performed in 2009 on victims of sexual violence aged less than 18 years. The data collection tool was a form filled out with demographic information about the victim – gender and age - and information regarding the sexual violence –, location of the occurrence, time elapsed between abuse and expert report, complaints reported, sexological examination findings, description of lesions outside the genital region, and aggressor’s relationship to victim. Results In 2009, 421 individuals victim of sexual violence were assisted. Of those, 379 (90%) were younger than 18 years, and 66 cases were excluded from these reports. Most were female (81.2%). The most affected age group was 10 to 13 years old (36.7%), followed by 5 to 9 year-olds (30.7%). In most cases (86.3%), there were family or friendship ties between victims and perpetrators, being most frequently accused an acquaintance or friend of the family (42.3%), followed by the stepfather (16.6%) and the father (10.9%). Conclusion The results are similar to other studies conducted in the country. This work aims at filling a gap caused by the lack of research on this topic in the State, hoping to collaborate to improve public policies against child sexual abuse. .


Objetivo analisar o perfil demográfico e epidemiológico das crianças e dos adolescents vítimas de violência sexual atendidos em uma Unidade de Medicina Legal e o vínculo entre as vítimas e os autores. Métodos estudo descritivo, com coleta de dados a partir das informações dos laudos sexológicos, realizados no ano de 2009, das vítimas de violência com menos de 18 anos de idade. O instrumento de coleta foi um formulário com informações sociodemográficas sobre a vítima – sexo, idade – e informações a respeito da violência sexual – local da ocorrência, tempo decorrido entre a violência e a perícia, queixas relatadas, achados do exame sexológico, descrição de lesões fora da região genital e vínculo entre a vítima e o agressor. Resultados no ano de 2009, foram atendidas 421 pessoas vítimas de violência sexual. Destas, 379 (90%) eram menores de 18 anos, tendo sido excluídos 66 indivíduos desses laudos. A maioria era do sexo feminino (81,2%). A faixa etária mais acometida foi a de 10 a 13 anos (36,7%), seguida por 5 aos 9 anos (30,7%). Na maioria dos casos (86,3%), havia vínculo familiar ou de amizade entre as vítimas e os acusados, sendo o mais frequente o acusado conhecido ou amigo da família (42,3%), seguido do padrasto (16,6%) e do pai (10,9%). Conclusão os resultados encontrados são semelhantes aos de outros estudos desenvolvidos no país. Este trabalho pretende preencher uma lacuna decorrente da escassez de pesquisas sobre esse tema no Estado, esperando colaborar nas políticas públicas de enfrentamento desse mal. .


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Child Abuse, Sexual/statistics & numerical data , Child Abuse/statistics & numerical data , Crime Victims/statistics & numerical data , Vulnerable Populations/statistics & numerical data , Age Factors , Brazil/epidemiology , Criminals , Child Abuse, Sexual/classification , Data Collection , Retrospective Studies , Rape/statistics & numerical data , Sex Offenses , Time Factors
14.
Cad. saúde pública ; 29(5): 889-898, Mai. 2013. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-676025

ABSTRACT

Rape is a global public health problem, and steps have been taken to encourage studies on the issue and propose interventions for its prevention and appropriate care. This study aimed to characterize the population of female rape victims and describe the characteristics of the sexual assault and the care provided at a university referral center. This was a quantitative retrospective study of care provided to female rape victims from June 2006 to December 2010. The majority of the women (n = 687) were white, single, had no children, with a mean age of 23.7 years and primary to secondary schooling, employed, and practiced a religion. One-fourth of the victims reported no sexual intercourse prior to the sexual assault. Rape occurred mainly at night, on the street, perpetrated by a single stranger, with vaginal penetration, and with threatened or actual force. Most of the victims had reported the rape to someone and felt supported. Early care occurred for almost 90% of women, allowing preventive measures. From 2006 to 2010 there was an increase in the proportion of women that sought help. Better knowledge of the characteristics of this group and the event itself can help improve the structure and functioning of models to assist rape victims.


A violência sexual é problema de saúde pública global e ações têm sido implementadas para estimular estudos no tema, a fim de propor intervenções de prevenção e atendimento adequado. Este trabalho objetivou caracterizar a população de mulheres que sofreram violência sexual, e descrever as características da agressão e do atendimento dispensado em um serviço universitário de referência. Estudo quantitativo e retrospectivo com atendimentos por violência sexual de junho de 2006 a dezembro de 2010. Avaliadas 687 mulheres, a maioria branca, solteira, sem filhos, com idade média de 23,7 anos, escolaridade entre fundamental e média, empregadas, com religião e prática religiosa. Um quarto sem relação sexual anterior. Violência sexual principalmente à noite, na rua, por agressor desconhecido e único, via vaginal e com intimidação. A maioria contou para outras pessoas e se sentiu apoiada. Atendimento precoce para quase 90% das mulheres, instaurando medidas profiláticas. Ocorreu aumento da procura precoce ao longo do período. Conhecer melhor as características da população e do evento pode auxiliar a estruturação e qualificação de modelos de atendimento.


La violencia sexual es un problema global de salud pública y se han implementado acciones para estimular estudios en el tema, a fin de proponer intervenciones de prevención y atención adecuadas. Este trabajo tuvo por objetivo caracterizar la población de mujeres que sufrió violencia sexual, y describir las características de la agresión y de la atención dispensada en un servicio universitario de referencia. Se trata de un estudio cuantitativo y retrospectivo sobre la atención por violencia sexual de junio de 2006 a diciembre de 2010. Se evaluaron a 687 mujeres, la mayoría blanca, soltera, sin hijos, con una edad media de 23,7 años, escolaridad entre básica y media, con empleo, con religión y practicantes. Un cuarto sin relación sexual anterior. La violencia sexual principalmente se produce por la noche, en la calle, cometida por un agresor desconocido y único, vía vaginal y con intimidación. La mayoría se lo contó a otras personas y se sintió apoyada. Hubo atención precoz para casi un 90% de las mujeres, estableciendo medidas profilácticas. Se produjo un aumento de la búsqueda temprana del servicio a lo largo del período. Conocer mejor las características de la población y de los hechos puede auxiliar en la estructuración y cualificación de modelos de atención.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Rape/statistics & numerical data , Violence Against Women , Brazil , Epidemiologic Studies , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Referral and Consultation , Retrospective Studies , Socioeconomic Factors , Sex Offenses/statistics & numerical data
15.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 78(1): 26-31, 2013. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-677305

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: conocer la frecuencia y describir las características de las agresiones sexuales infantiles en adolescentes mujeres ingresadas a la unidad de salud mental de un Centro de Salud Sexual y Reproductiva Adolescente. Método: estudio de diseño transversal y analítico, se revisaron las fichas clínicas entre enero de 2006 y diciembre de 2009. Las variables estudiadas fueron: edad de la agresión, tipo y frecuencia de ésta; sexo, edad y tipo de relación con el agresor; revelación y persona a la que se le informa de la agresión sexual y denuncia de la agresión. Resultados: la mayor frecuencia de agresión sexual se presenta en la edad pre-escolar (28,1 por ciento) y la más común es el abuso sexual (73,8 por ciento), tipo de agresión que es la más común en todas las edades. La mayoría de las agresiones fue un episodio único (59,3 por ciento). La totalidad de los agresores eran conocidos o familiares de la víctima, todos varones, el 29,1 por ciento eran menores de 18 años. El 36 por ciento nunca reveló la agresión sufrida. El 31,8 por ciento de las agresiones sin revelar ocurrieron en la edad pre-escolar. Sólo un 14,1 por ciento realizó denuncia. Conclusión: la mayoría de las agresiones sexuales ocurridas durante la infancia y adolescencia no son reveladas, ni denunciadas legalmente, manteniendo un alto nivel de silenciamiento y dificultades por parte de los equipos de salud para apoyar y tratar a las víctimas.


Objective: to describe the frequency and characteristic of child sexual aggression in adolescent women admitted to the Mental Health Unit of an Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health Centre. Method: this is a cross-sectional and analytical study, clinical records were reviewed the between january 2006 and december 2009. The variables studied were: age of aggression, type and frequency of this aggression, sex, age and type of relationship with the perpetrator; disclosure and person who is informed and judicial complaint of sexual aggression. Results: the highest frequency of sexual aggression occurs in the preschool age (28.1 percent) and the most common is sexual abuse (73.8 percent), type of aggression is the most common in all ages. Most of the attacks were a single episode (59.3 percent). All the attackers were males and acquaintances or relatives of victims, 29.1 percent were under 18 years old. 36 percent never disclosure the assault. The 31.8 percent of unveiled attacks occurred in preschool. Only 14.1 percent made a judicial complaint. Conclusion: the majority of sexual assaults that occurred during childhood and adolescence are unveiled, nor legally reported maintaining a high level of silencing and difficulties by health equipment to support and treat victims.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Female , Child , Child Abuse, Sexual/statistics & numerical data , Rape/statistics & numerical data , Adolescent Health Services , Age Distribution , Chile , Cross-Sectional Studies , Sex Offenses , Reproductive Health Services/statistics & numerical data
16.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 58(4): 465-471, July-Aug. 2012. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-646889

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Estudar crianças e adolescentes vítimas de violência doméstica da Unidade de Emergência Referenciada Pediátrica (UERP) do Hospital das Clínicas (HC) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) e ambulatório especializado, entre janeiro de 2003 e dezembro de 2007, enfatizando o abuso sexual. MÉTODOS: Analisou-se: gênero, idade, procedência e classificação. Para as vítimas de abuso sexual estudou-se: tipo de abuso (estupro), local (doméstico/urbano), duração (aguda/crônica), autor (conhecido; incestuoso), alterações no exame médico, notificação ao conselho tutelar, medicação antirretroviral e sorologias (HIV, Lues, hepatite B e C). Dividiu-se em dois grupos com relação ao tipo de abuso e ao autor e associou-se a gênero, idade e duração. Para a comparação calculou-se o Qui-quadrado ou Exato de Fisher (significância p < 0,05) e a razão de chance prevalente bruta. RESULTADOS: Do total (551), predominou a negligência (33,9%) e abuso sexual (31,9%), sendo 55,9% nas meninas e 50% até 5 anos. Do abuso sexual (95), 80% eram meninas e 58,9% entre 5-10 anos. Observou-se estupro entre 39% e atentado ao pudor em 59,6%; 72,6% foram em área doméstica, 81,1% por autor conhecido, 31,6% por relação incestuosa, 47,4% crônica e 76,5% sem alteração clínicas, sendo 81,1% encaminhados ao conselho tutelar. Medicação antirretroviral foi indicada para 49,1% dos pacientes, e sorologias: HIV em 46 (48,4%), Lues em 42 (44,2%), hepatite B em 44 (46,3%) e hepatite C em 45 (47,4%), todas negativas, mais frequente nas vítimas de estupro (p = 0,00). Ocorreu associação entre estupro e idade (10 e 15 anos p = 0,01) e autor incestuoso e duração crônica (p = 0,01). CONCLUSÃO: Apesar de não refletir a realidade, serve como alerta aos pediatras.


OBJECTIVE: To study children and adolescents victims of domestic violence treated at the Referenced Pediatric Emergency Unit of the Hospital de Clínicas of the Universidade Estadual de Campinas and its specialized outpatient clinic between January 2003 and December 2007, emphasizing sexual abuse. METHODS: The variables gender, age, origin, and classification were studied. For victims of sexual abuse, the following variables were also studied: type of abuse (rape), location (domestic/urban), duration (acute/chronic), perpetrator (known, incestuous), alterations at medical examination, notification to child protection agencies, and antiretroviral medication and serology (HIV, syphilis, hepatitis B and C). Patients were divided into two groups according to the type of abuse and type of perpertrator and they were associated with gender, age, and duration. For the comparison, chi-squared or Fisher's exact test were performed (significance p < 0.05), as well as raw prevalence odds ratio. RESULTS: Of the total cases of abuse (551), neglect (33.9%) and sexual abuse (31.9%) predominated; the victims were female in 55.9% of the cases, and 50% were up to 5 years of age. Of the sexual abuse cases (95), 80% were female, and 58.9% were between 5 and 10 years of age. Rape was observed in 39% and indecent assault in 59.6%; 72.6% occurred in the domestic area, 81.1% by known perpetrator; 31.6% were incestuous, 47.4% were chronic, and 76.5% had no clinical alterations. 81.1% were referred to child protection agencies. Antiretroviral medication was prescribed to 49.1% of patients, and serological tests (HIV in 46 [48.4%], syphilis in 42 [44.2%], hepatitis B in 44 [46.3%] and hepatitis C in 45 [47.4%]%), all of which were negative, were more frequent in rape victims (p = 0.00). There was an association between rape and age (10 and 15 years, p = 0.01) and between incestuous perpetrator and chronic duration (p = 0.01). CONCLUSION: Although this study does not reflect reality, it can be used as a warning to pediatricians.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Domestic Violence/statistics & numerical data , Age Factors , AIDS Serodiagnosis , Ambulatory Care/statistics & numerical data , Brazil/epidemiology , Child Abuse, Sexual/psychology , Child Abuse, Sexual/statistics & numerical data , Domestic Violence/psychology , HIV Infections/diagnosis , Incest/statistics & numerical data , Medical Records/statistics & numerical data , Prevalence , Rape/statistics & numerical data , Sex Factors
17.
Agora USB ; 12(1): 19-46, ene.-jun. 2012.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-679711

ABSTRACT

El siguiente artículo recoge algunos aspectos de la investigación que sobre el Goce Efectivo de Derechos (Informe GED) elaborara el Observatorio Departamental de Desplazamiento Forzado de Antioquia en 2011. En esta entrega, la tercera de una serie de cuatro, se recogen algunos contenidos, metodologías de la medición, diseño de indicadores y resultados que arrojara el informe GED. En particular, en este aparte se exponen aspectos relativos a la atención de la población víctima del desplazamiento en términos del respeto a su integridad y las garantías para obtener un tratamiento acorde al enfoque diferencial. Así mismo, se tratan los diseños y resultados de la medición de los indicadores sociales sobre garantías de subsistencia mínima y alcance de la cobertura de ingresos económicos y educación en la población de estudio.


The following article contains some aspects of the research that about the effective enjoyment of rights (EER report) developed by the State Observatory of Forced Displacement in Antioquia in 2011. In this installment, the third in a series of four, the measurement methodologies, the design of indicators, and the results which the EER report will produce, are included. In particular, in this supplement, aspects relating to the care of the victims of displacement in terms of respect for their integrity and guarantees to obtain a treatment according to the differential approach. It also shows the design and the results of the measurement of the social indicators about the warranty of minimum sustenance and the scope of the coverage of the economic income and education, in the population under study.


Subject(s)
Humans , Displacement, Psychological , Rape , Rape/statistics & numerical data , Rape/legislation & jurisprudence , Rape/psychology
18.
Rev. panam. salud pública ; 31(5): 388-395, may 2012.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-638513

ABSTRACT

Objective. To establish the prevalence of exposure to physical and sexual violence, mental health symptoms, and medical treatment-seeking behavior among three street-based subpopulation groups in Tegucigalpa, Honduras, and to assess the association between sociodemographic group, mental health indicators, and exposure to violence. Methods. An anonymous, cross-sectional survey among randomly selected street-based adolescents, adults, and commercial sex workers (CSWs) was undertaken at the end of 2010 in Tegucigalpa. Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) mapped places where the study population gathers. Stratified probability samples were drawn for all groups, using two-stage random sampling. Trained MSF staff administered on-site standardized face-to-face questionnaires. Results. Self-reported exposure to severe physical violence in the previous year was 20.9% among street-based adolescents, 28.8% among adults, and 30.6% among CSWs. For the physical violence event self-defined as most severe, 50.0% of the adolescents, 81.4% of the adults, and 70.6% of the CSWs sought medical treatment. Their exposure to severe sexual violence was 8.6%, 28.8%, and 59.2%, respectively. After exposure to the self-defined most severe sexual violence event, 14.3% of adolescents, 31.9% of adults, and 29.1% of CSWs sought treatment. Common mental health and substance abuse symptoms were highly prevalent and strongly associated with exposure to physical (odds ratio 4.5, P < 0.0001) and sexual (odds ratio 3.7, P = 0.0001) violence. Conclusions. Exposure to physical and sexual violence reached extreme levels among street-based subpopulations. Treatment-seeking behavior, particularly after severe sexual violence, was limited. The association of mental health and substance abuse symptoms with exposure to violence could lead to further victimization. Medical and psychological treatments targeting these groups are needed and could help decrease their vulnerability.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Mental Disorders/epidemiology , Mental Health , Rape/psychology , Stress, Psychological/psychology , Urban Population/statistics & numerical data , Violence/statistics & numerical data , Adaptation, Psychological , Cross-Sectional Studies , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Health Surveys , Ill-Housed Persons/psychology , Ill-Housed Persons/statistics & numerical data , Honduras/epidemiology , Mental Disorders/drug therapy , Mental Disorders/psychology , Patient Satisfaction , Prevalence , Sex Work/psychology , Psychometrics , Rape/statistics & numerical data , Self Report , Statistics as Topic , Violence/psychology
19.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 77(6): 413-422, 2012. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-665589

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: La agresión sexual es un evento traumático y doloroso que afecta de manera transversal, a las víctimas de ambos sexos, de todos los niveles socioeconómicos con graves consecuencias para la salud física, psicológica y social para quienes la sufren. Objetivo: Determinar las características de las agresiones sexuales y sus consecuencias en adolescentes consultantes en un centro de atención en Salud Sexual y Reproductiva. Método: Estudio analítico de corte transversal de 573 adolescentes atendidas en un centro de medicina reproductiva (CEMERA) en el período 2003-2010 y que reportaron antecedente de abuso sexual. Se estudiaron tanto las características como las consecuencias del abuso, datos que se obtuvieron desde las fichas clínicas. Resultados: En el 86,5 por ciento de los casos se reportó abuso sexual y en un 13,5 por ciento violación. El 48,5 por ciento de los agresores son familiares. La edad más vulnerable fue entre 5-9 años con un 41,2 porciento. En el 39,2 por ciento el abuso sexual fue reiterado. En un 43,4 por ciento el lugar fue el propio hogar de la víctima. Un 70 por ciento reveló y de estos el 45,9 por ciento lo hizo en forma tardía. Sólo en un 19 por ciento se hizo la denuncia legal. De las adolescentes que iniciaron actividad sexual voluntaria (83,3 por ciento), un 35,4 por ciento tenía menos de 15 años. Un 11,8 por ciento reportó 3 y más parejas sexuales. Conclusión: El antecedente de abuso sexual debe ser considerado en la atención de adolescentes que consultan por salud sexual y reproductiva. El equipo de salud debe estar preparado para atender sus múltiples necesidades.


Background: Sexual assault is a traumatic and painful event, which affects victims of both genders, across all socioeconomic levels, with serious consequences for physical, psychological, and social health. Objective: Determine the characteristics of sexual assault and its consequences in adolescents at a sexual and reproductive health center. Method: Analytic and cross-sectional study of 573 adolescents seen at a reproductive medicine center (CEMERA) in the period 2003-2010 and who reported history of sexual abuse. Patient's clinical records were reviewed to study the characteristics as well as the consequences of sexual abuse. Results: The abuse was reported as sexual abuse in 86.5 percent of the cases and as rape in 13.5 percent. In 48.5 percent of the cases, the aggressors were relatives of the victims. The most vulnerable group is between 5-9 of age, representing 41.2 percent of the cases. For 39.2 percent of the cases, the sexual abuse was reiterative, and in 43.4 percent, the abuse took place on the victim's home. 70 percent of the victims told someone about the abuse; 45.9 percent of those revealed their abuse in a delay manner. Only 19 percent of victims filed a legal complaint. Of the adolescents who started voluntary sexual activity (83.3 percent) a 35.4 percent was under de age of 15, and 11,8 percent reported having 3 or more sexual partners. Conclusion: A history of sexual abuse must be considered in the attention of adolescents who consult for reproductive and sexual health. The health team must be prepared to address their multiple needs.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Female , Child , Sex Offenses/statistics & numerical data , Reproductive Health Services/statistics & numerical data , Analysis of Variance , Child Abuse, Sexual/statistics & numerical data , Chile , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk-Taking , Sex Offenses , Adolescent Health Services/statistics & numerical data , Rape/statistics & numerical data
20.
Rev. gaúch. enferm ; 32(2): 359-367, jun. 2011. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-596546

ABSTRACT

Estudo transversal, quantitativo, cujo objetivo foi identificar situações de vulnerabilidade vivenciadas pelos adolescentes do ensino médio da rede pública de Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, no segundo semestre de 2009. Utilizou-se questionário fechado. Os resultados revelaram que 10,5 por cento dos meninos e 5,8 por cento das meninas já fizeram uso de drogas ilícitas, aos 15 anos, sendo a cocaína (28,9 por cento) e a maconha (15,7 por cento) as mais relatadas; 45,2 por cento dos meninos e 52,4 por cento das meninas consomem bebidas alcoólicas, sendo a cerveja a mais comum. Entre os que se declararam fumantes (16,0 por cento), a maioria iniciou o consumo aos 15 anos. Houve relato de violência sexual, dos quais somente 33,3 por cento dos meninos e 25,0 por cento das meninas procuraram ajuda. Entre os que não procuraram ajuda, o motivo relatado foi medo e vergonha. Destaca-se a necessidade de serviços específicos para prevenção e tratamento de adolescentes em situações de vulnerabilidade, tendo em vista a ocorrência e consequências destes agravos.


Este estudio transversal tuvo por objetivo identificar las situaciones de vulnerabilidad vivenciadas por adolescentes de la escuelas públicas de Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brasil. Los resultados revelan que el 10,5 por ciento de los varones y el 5,8 por ciento de las chicas ya han usado drogas ilícitas a los 15 años (40,0 por ciento de los varones y 27,7 por ciento de las chicas); 45,2 por ciento de los varones y 52,4 por ciento de las chicas consume bebidas alcohólicas. Entre los que declararon que fuman (16,0 por ciento), la mayoría se inició a los 15 años. Hubo relatos de violencia sexual por parte de un 3,0 por ciento de los varones y 1,2 por ciento de las chicas, de los cuales solamente el 33,3 por ciento de los varones y 25,0 por ciento de las chicas buscaron ayuda. Teniendo en vista la ocurrencia y consecuencias de los hechos constatados, se destaca la necesidad de servicios específicos para la prevención y tratamiento de adolescentes en situaciones de vulnerabilidad.


This transversal study aims to identify vulnerability experienced by adolescents of public secondary schools in Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil. The results show that 10.5 percent of the boys and 5.8 percent of the girls have already used illicit drugs - at the age of 15, cocaine (28.9 percent) and marijuana (15.7 percent) being the most reported; 45.2 percent of the boys and 52.4 percent of the girls consume alcoholic beverages, being beer the most common. Among those who declared to be smoker (16.0 percent), the majority began smoking at the age of 15. Sexual violence was reported, out of which only 33.3 percent of the boys and 25.0 percent of the girls sought help. Among those who did not seek help, the referred motive was fear and shame. The need for specific prevention and treatment services for adolescents in vulnerable situations is stressed, in view of the occurrence and consequences of this kind of harm.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Female , Humans , Male , Adolescent Behavior , Psychology, Adolescent/statistics & numerical data , Vulnerable Populations/statistics & numerical data , Adolescent Health Services/supply & distribution , Age of Onset , Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Fear , Health Services Needs and Demand , Patient Acceptance of Health Care/psychology , Patient Acceptance of Health Care/statistics & numerical data , Surveys and Questionnaires , Rape/psychology , Rape/statistics & numerical data , Smoking/epidemiology , Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology , Violence/psychology , Violence/statistics & numerical data , Vulnerable Populations/psychology
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